Safra kesesi, karaci\u011ferin hemen alt y\u00fczeyine yap\u0131\u015f\u0131k olarak bulunan, karaci\u011ferin \u00fcretti\u011fi safray\u0131 depolayan, yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131ran ve \u00f6zellikle ya\u011fl\u0131 g\u0131dalar\u0131n sindirimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kas\u0131larak onikiparmak ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131na salg\u0131layan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, armut bi\u00e7iminde bir organd\u0131r. Safra s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7indeki kolesterol, bilirubin veya safra tuzlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki hassas kimyasal dengenin bozulmas\u0131 sonucu, safran\u0131n ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 azal\u0131r ve zamanla \u00e7\u00f6kelerek kristalle\u015fir. Bu kristallerin birle\u015fmesiyle safra kesesi ta\u015flar\u0131 (kolelitiyazis) veya safra \u00e7amuru (biliyer sludge) meydana gelir.<\/p>\n
Pek \u00e7ok insanda safra kesesi ta\u015flar\u0131 y\u0131llarca hi\u00e7bir belirti vermeden “sessiz” kalabilir ve tesad\u00fcfen yap\u0131lan ultrasonografilerde tespit edilebilir. Ancak ta\u015flar safra kesesinin kanal\u0131n\u0131 t\u0131kad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya kesenin duvar\u0131nda iltihaplanmaya yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a \u015fiddetli klinik tablolar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. En tipik belirti, sa\u011f \u00fcst kar\u0131n b\u00f6lgesinde ba\u015flayan, s\u0131rta ve sa\u011f k\u00fcrek kemi\u011fine do\u011fru yay\u0131lan, k\u0131vrand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tarzdaki a\u011fr\u0131d\u0131r (biliyer kolik). \u00d6zellikle a\u011f\u0131r, ya\u011fl\u0131 veya k\u0131zartmal\u0131 yemeklerden sonra belirginle\u015fen \u015fi\u015fkinlik, haz\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, gaz \u015fikayetleri, mide bulant\u0131s\u0131 ve kusma s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. E\u011fer tabloya safra kesesi iltihab\u0131 (akut kolesistit) eklenmi\u015fse, bu belirtilere y\u00fcksek ate\u015f, titreme ve sar\u0131l\u0131k da e\u015flik edebilir. Bu t\u00fcr durumlarda zaman kaybetmeden uzman bir genel cerraha ba\u015fvurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde safra kesesi ta\u015flar\u0131, polipleri ve iltihaplanmalar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisinde t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada kabul g\u00f6ren alt\u0131n standart y\u00f6ntem Laparoskopik (Kapal\u0131) Kolesistektomi ameliyat\u0131d\u0131r. Bu modern teknikle, kar\u0131n duvar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck ve a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 bir kesi a\u00e7mak yerine, g\u00f6bek deli\u011finden ve karn\u0131n belirli noktalar\u0131ndan sadece 0.5 ila 1 santimetre \u00e7ap\u0131nda birka\u00e7 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck delik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6zel bir y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fckl\u00fc kamera ve ince uzun cerrahi aletler yard\u0131m\u0131yla kar\u0131n i\u00e7i monit\u00f6re yans\u0131t\u0131larak safra kesesi i\u00e7indeki ta\u015flarla birlikte tamamen v\u00fccut d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Laparoskopik cerrahinin geleneksel a\u00e7\u0131k ameliyatlara k\u0131yasla hem hastaya hem de cerraha sundu\u011fu say\u0131s\u0131z avantaj bulunmaktad\u0131r. Her \u015feyden \u00f6nce, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kas ve doku kesisi yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ameliyat sonras\u0131 hissedilen a\u011fr\u0131 seviyesi minimum d\u00fczeydedir. Kesi yerlerinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmas\u0131, yara yeri enfeksiyonu ve ilerleyen d\u00f6nemde kesi yeri f\u0131t\u0131\u011f\u0131 (insizyonel herni) geli\u015fme riskini ciddi oranda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca estetik a\u00e7\u0131dan da \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir avantaj sa\u011flar; aylar i\u00e7inde bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck deliklerin izleri neredeyse tamamen silikle\u015fir.<\/p>\n
Operasyon s\u00fcresi hastan\u0131n durumuna g\u00f6re genellikle 30 ila 60 dakika aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Kapal\u0131 ameliyat\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck konforu ise hastalar\u0131n derlenme s\u00fcrecinin \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Hastalar ameliyat ak\u015fam\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr, sulu g\u0131dalarla beslenmeye ba\u015flan\u0131r ve genellikle operasyondan sadece 1 g\u00fcn sonra, hatta bazen ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcn ak\u015fam\u0131nda \u015fifayla evlerine taburcu edilirler. Sosyal ya\u015fama ve i\u015f hayat\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f s\u00fcreleri klasik ameliyatlara g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha k\u0131sad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sadece ta\u015flar de\u011fil, safra kesesinin i\u00e7 duvar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan ve l\u00fcmene do\u011fru b\u00fcy\u00fcyen et beni benzeri yap\u0131lara “safra kesesi polibi” denir. Poliplerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu iyi huylu kolesterol birikimleridir. Ancak ultrason takiplerinde \u00e7ap\u0131 10 milimetreyi (1 cm) a\u015fan, h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme e\u011filimi g\u00f6steren, taban\u0131 geni\u015f veya 50 ya\u015f \u00fczeri hastalarda saptanan poliplerde, ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck safra kesesi kanseri (karsinom) riskine kar\u015f\u0131 tedbir ama\u00e7l\u0131 laparoskopik cerrahi planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ta\u015f olmasa bile safra kesesinin kas\u0131lma fonksiyonunu yitirdi\u011fi diskinezi durumlar\u0131nda da operasyon tek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Safra \u00e7amuru (biliyer sludge) masum bir durum gibi alg\u0131lansa da, zamanla ana safra kanal\u0131na (koledok) d\u00fc\u015ferek t\u0131kanma sar\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na veya pankreas bezinin ciddi iltihaplanmas\u0131na (akut pankreatit) neden olabilen potansiyel bir tehlikedir. Bu nedenle s\u0131k tekrarlayan \u015fikayetler yaratan safra \u00e7amuru varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da cerrahi de\u011ferlendirme \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Hastalar\u0131m\u0131z ameliyat sonras\u0131 v\u00fccut uyum s\u00fcrecini atlatt\u0131ktan sonra herhangi bir sindirim sorunu ya\u015famadan, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131z bir \u015fekilde normal ya\u015famlar\u0131na devam edebilmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Safra kesesi ta\u015f\u0131 ve polibi belirtileri nelerdir? Kapal\u0131 (laparoskopik) safra kesesi ameliyat\u0131 y\u00f6ntemiyle a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131z, h\u0131zl\u0131 iyile\u015fme s\u00fcreci hakk\u0131nda detaylar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":213,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-212","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=212"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/212\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":214,"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/212\/revisions\/214"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=212"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=212"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/profaj.co\/drilkerkiziloglu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}